The drug is commonly intended for self administration e. Oct 15, 2010 drug markets, drug availability 30, 34, and social norms surrounding typical routes of administration, collectively referred to as site ecology can also play a role. Routes of drug administrations authorstream presentation. Routes of drug administration2 intravenous therapy. The abused substance may be smoked, inhaled, partaken orally or received by a fetus through the mothers blood stream. Routes of drug administration 1 free download as powerpoint presentation. The best route depends on a number of factors that include the nature of the medication and the patients condition. What is the best route of drug administration for long term. In general, drugs can be administered via two primary routes. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. The administration of drugs by transdermal or transmucosal routes offers the advantage of being.
It will provide you a complete journey through the routes of drug. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. A route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body. Routes of drug administration for mbbs 1st year dr. Introduction medication is transferred into the bodys tissues in one of three ways. Drug and patientrelated factors determine the selection of routes for drug administration. The oral administration route is preferred over the various other administration routes of drug delivery due to the many advantages it exhibits. The key features of various routes are discussed here see table 21. Naloxone for treatement of opioide overdose food and drug.
Common examples include oral and intravenous administration. Rapid onset of action due to rapid access to circulation. Various routes of administrations play a marked role in the bioavailability of the active drug in the body. Nonmedical prescription opioid use has emerged as a major public health concern in recent years, particularly in rural appalachia. Jun 10, 2015 most of the drugs can be administered by variety of routes. The route of administration is the way through which the dosage form is administered into the body for treatment of various diseases and disorders. Route of administration for illicit prescription opioids. Pravin prasad 2nd year resident, md clinical pharmacology maharajgunj medical campus 18th december, 2016 3rd poush, 2073, sunday 2. A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body. Most of the drugs can be administered by variety of routes.
Most of the drugs can be administered by different routes. Comis reference table which is used by the drug product reference file to generate approved drug products with. In this method of administration, drug is applied on to skin or other body surfaces. Handbook of drug administration via enteral feeding tubes third edition rebecca white bsc hons msc mrpharms i presc ffrps medical advisor, baxter healthcare ltd compton, uk vicky bradnam bpharm hons clindip mba open mrpharms pharmaceutical consultant, kent, uk on behalf of the british pharmaceutical nutrition group. Different routes are oral route, sublingual route, rectal route, parentral routes, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular. Administration of drugs by injection and other routes. Condition of the patient unconscious, vomiting, diarrhoea. Routes of administration included injecting, smoking, snorting and oral use. The administration of drugs by transdermal or transmucosal routes. Routes of administration and dosage forms pharmacology. During the past 20 years, advances in drug formulations and innovative routes of administration have been made. This route is one of the safest route as the drug cannot product poisonous effects. Administration via this route is less desirable for drugs that are irritating to the gi tract or when. The patient has the right to receive the proper medication and have that medication administered using the best route to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
Parenteral route of administration and dosage forms a drug given parenterally is one given by a route other than the mouth topical dosage forms are considered separately. There are four principal routes of drug administration. The three main parenteral routes of drug administration are iv, im, and sc, and in all cases administration is usually via a hollow needle. Routes of drug administration practice questions medical.
Routes of medication administration oral route also called per oral in this route as the name indicates drug is taken by mouth. High blood flow particles larger than 20 micron and the particles impact in the mouth and throat. Administration of drug into the joint cavity intra arterial. Intravenous administration merits bypass first pass metabolism100% quick onset of action in uncooperative and unconscious patients those with nausea and vomiting hypertonic solutions and irritants large volumes amount of drug can be controlled accurately demerits antiseptic conditions depend on others painful and riskycant. Drug administration an overview sciencedirect topics. Pdf common routes of drug administration monica may lopez. Alternative routes of drug administrationadvantages and.
Route advantages disadvantages oral most convenient usually least expensive. Routes of drug administration2 free download as powerpoint presentation. Purchase routes of drug administration 1st edition. The drug is commonly intended for selfadministration e. So well route of administration can be said as the pharmacological or toxicological entity is the path by which a drug or medicine is taken into the body. When administering a drug, the nurse should ensure that the pharmaceutical preparation is appropriate for the route specified. Routes of drug administration 1st edition elsevier. Routes can also be classified based on where the target of action is. Identify sample pharmaceutical agents as to dosage form and. The path taken by the drug to get into the body is known as the route of drug administration. Thin membranes separates alveoli from circulation c. Routes of drug administration intravenous iv drugs may be given into a peripheral vein over 1 to 2 minutes or longer by infusion. Ppt routes of drug administration powerpoint presentation. Other routes of administration are required when the oral route cannot be used, for example.
Intravenous administration merits bypass first pass metabolism100% quick onset of action in uncooperative and unconscious patients those with nausea and vomiting hypertonic solutions and irritants large volumes amount of drug can be controlled accurately demerits antiseptic conditions depend on others painful and riskycant be recalled embolism suspensionsoily. A route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body classification routes of administration can broadly be divided into. Given by injection into a vein intravenously, iv, into a muscle intramuscularly, im, into the space around the spinal cord intrathecally, or beneath the skin subcutaneously, sc. Oral route is the most common route of drug administration. For some drugs methadone and benzodiazepines one main route of administration was used.
Dosage form design may also be used modify the rate of absorption. Topical administration to mucous membranes or skin. Drug administration drugs msd manual consumer version. Aerosols localtopical route of drug administration in this route the drug is applied on the skin. The oral route of administration is the safest, most economical and the most convenient way of giving medicines. Council policy is that administration of drugs needs to be for therapeutic purposes only. Routes of drug administration advantages of inhalation rapid action of the drug, with local effects with in the respiratory tract potent drugs may be given in small. So well route of administration can be said as the pharmacological or toxicological entity is the path by which a.
In this administration the drug is administered in the gaseous form. Route of administration is the path by which a drug, is brought into contact with the body parenteral injections id parenteral routes parenteral routes, epidural. Each route has several variations, and each offers distinct advantages and disadvantages. Routes of drug administration pharmacology 3571 with. The difference in the duration taken for the onset of drug action is because of the differences route of administration drugs. It may be in the form of tablets, capsules, syrup, emulsions. The choice of appropriate route largely depends both on the drug as well as patient related factors the route of administration is determined primarily by the properties of the drug for example, water or lipid solubility, ionization and by the therapeutic objectives for example, the desirability of a rapid. There are various methods existing that a drug can be administered to be a patient or a needy in present scenario 5,1025. You will get here advantages and disadvantages of routes of drug administration. Routes of drug administration 1 topical medication. When a person cannot take anything by mouth when a drug must be administered rapidly or in a precise or very high dose. Study 28 routes of drug administration flashcards from chelsea t. Drugs are applied topically to the skin or mucous membranes, mainly for local action. Routes of drug administration play a major role in a medical treatment.
What is the best route of drug pure chemical compound from marine isolate administration to increase the bioavailability in brain for long term 25 days treatment to rat. Maria es peranza ruiz and sebastian scioli montoto. Given by injection into a vein intravenously, iv, into a muscle. Routes of drug administration and multiple drug misuse. A route of administration in pharmacology and toxicology is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison, or other substance is taken into the body routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Inhalation administration involves inhaling of a drug in gas or liquid form. Advantages and disadvantages of routes of drug administration. Mar 10, 2020 drug administration routes science topic the various ways of administering a drug or other chemical to a site in a patient or animal from where the chemical is absorbed into the blood and. Drug administration route an overview sciencedirect topics. Our understanding of drug transport across tissues has increased. A route of drug administration is the path by which a drug or other substance is brought into contact with the body. Im stands for intramuscular, where intra means within and muscular obviously. One method of classifying routes of administration is enteral and parenteral. What is the best route of drug administration for long.
Never give pills or liquids to an individual lying down. The purpose of this study was to describe ruralurban differences in roa for nonmedical. Selecting a right route of drug administration by a physician improves patients health. Rapid injections are used to treat epileptic seizures, acute asthma, or cardiac arrhythmias.
Temporal trends in transitions to injection sometimes precipitated by changes in drug availability have also been identified 35, 36. Routes of drug administration the route of administration roa that is chosen may have a profound effect upon the speed and efficiency with which the drug acts important info 8. For other drugs heroin, amphetamines and cocaine powder there were marked variations in route. Drug administration routes science topic the various ways of administering a drug or other chemical to a site in a patient or animal. The route of administration is determined by properties of the drug for example, water or lipid solubility, ionization and by the therapeutic objectives for example, the need for a rapid onset, the need for longterm treatment, or restriction of delivery to a local site. This standard provides for all routes of administration for drugs. Rapid onset of action due to rapid access to circulation a. These advantages include safety, good patient compliance, ease of ingestion, pain avoidance, and versatility to accommodate various types of drugs sastry et al. Drug administration via the intramuscular im and subcutaneous sc routes is easily performed and provides relatively rapid 5 to 20 minutes onset of effect and a longer duration of effects see figure 188, a. Absorption after oral administration can be quite variable. Dosage forms like the tablets, capsules, syrups, suspensions, emulsion are taken by this route. Start studying 8 routes of administration of drugs. Enteral administration involves absorption of the drug via the gi tract and includes oral. These changes have often resulted in improved patient adherence to the therapeutic regimen and pharmacologic response.
Muir iii, in handbook of veterinary pain management third edition, 2015. Drug administered into arteriesdiagnostic or therapeutic. Introduction a route of administration is the path by which a drug, fluid, poison or other substance is brought into contact with the body. That is the drug acts only at the site of application and. Topics in pharmacy in pdf or epub format and read it directly on your mobile phone, computer or any device. The choice of appropriate route largely depends both on the drug as well as patient related factors the route of administration is determined primarily by the properties of the drug for example, water or lipid solubility, ionization and by the therapeutic objectives for example, the desirability of a rapid onset of action,the. Dec 21, 2016 routes of drug administration for mbbs 1st year dr. Make sure that the individual is in an upright and sitting position. Naloxone for treatement of opioide overdose advisory. Routes of medication administration when giving medications by mouth such as pills or liquids, there are some basic things to remember. Intradermal or intracutaneous into the dermal layer of the skin.
Pharmacology seventh edition routes of drug administration. Drugs are introduced into the body by several routes. Little is known about the routes of administration roa involved in nonmedical prescription opioid use among rural and urban drug users. Routes of drug administration oral po oral administration will be covered in more detail in subsequent chapters. Routes of administration an overview sciencedirect topics. Routes of administration are generally classified by the location at which the substance is applied. Route advantages disadvantages oral most convenient usually least expensive safe, does not break.
The production of this text has raised many questions concerning the data available relating to this method of medication administration. Oral route has a slow onset of action, hence not used in. Routes of administration of a drug are determined by its physical and chemical properties, patient characteristics and the rapidity of response desired. There exists an extenuating circumstance and there is no other alternative.
1276 1485 330 1484 218 166 1501 1142 1345 669 570 1420 1079 1264 1048 1442 1051 1421 609 1269 1190 649 777 667 1077 1492 658 890 1349 993 333 587 105 1366 411 613